⚡ TL;DRMap questions in IELTS Academic Writing Task 1 ask you to describe changes to a place over time or compare two locations. Use location language (north, south, adjacent to) and change language (was replaced by, was converted into). An overview identifying the most significant changes is essential.
Last reviewed 3 July 2026.
Types of Map Questions
Map tasks fall into two categories:
- Before and after: Two maps showing the same place at different times (e.g. a town in 1990 and 2020).
- Comparison: Two different proposed plans for the same site (e.g. Plan A vs Plan B for a new development).
How to Structure Your Response
Introduction: Paraphrase what the maps show — the location, time periods, and purpose.
Overview: Identify the 2–3 most significant changes or differences. This is essential.
Body 1: Describe one area or time period in detail, using compass directions and landmarks for reference.
Body 2: Describe the second area or time period, highlighting what changed.
Essential Map Vocabulary
| Category | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Location | to the north/south/east/west of, adjacent to, opposite, in the centre, on the outskirts, along the riverbank |
| Change | was replaced by, was converted into, was demolished, was extended, was constructed, was relocated |
| No change | remained unchanged, was retained, continued to occupy, stayed in its original position |
| Development | was developed, was urbanised, underwent significant transformation, saw considerable expansion |
⚠️ Use the passive voice. Maps describe what happened to places, not who did it. “A car park was built” not “They built a car park.” The passive voice is expected and appropriate for map descriptions.
Related Resources
🔑 Key Takeaways
- Maps require location language (compass directions) and change vocabulary (passive voice).
- Always include an overview of the most significant changes.
- Mention features that stayed the same as well as those that changed.
- Use the passive voice throughout — it’s expected for this task type.