⚡ TL;DR
Step-by-step guide to answering this type of IELTS Writing Task 1 question. Covers structure, key language, and band-scoring criteria.
Originally published May 2017. Last reviewed 3 July 2026.
This post will help you to write a successful maps essay, there is a model answer for you to compare your work to at the end of the post.
Remember that your essay should have a minimum of 150 words and ideally should be completed in 20 minutes.
THE WRITING TASK 1 ESSAY STRUCTURE SHOULD BE AS FOLLOWS:
Question
Read the question below carefully, what can you see in the information given?
STEP 1 – WRITE THE INTRODUCTION
Write your own introduction of one or two sentences, paraphrasing the question, using synonyms where you can.
STEP 2 – WRITE AN OVERVIEW
Write the overview – start this paragraph with the word ‘Overall...’ and write one or two sentences which describe the main features of the information presented in the map.
STEP 3 – WRITE THE MAIN BODY PARAGRAPHS
Write two main body paragraphs, going into detail and giving specific information about the map. Remember to describe locations and use north, south, east, west. Look for the benefits of each site location and the drawbacks.
STEP 4 – CHECK YOUR WORK
When you have completed the essay, check it for any errors, spelling or grammar. Then check to see if you have included linking words that connect the information together, making it easy to read. For example, using the word ‘Overall..’ at the beginning of the overview paragraph. You can also use words like – on the one hand, on the other hand, furthermore, however, in addition, finally etc.
MODEL ANSWER
To view the model answer for this question please click the button below >>
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How to Describe Maps in IELTS Writing Task 1
Map questions ask you to compare two or more maps showing changes to an area over time, or to describe a proposed development plan. These questions test your ability to identify and describe spatial changes clearly.
Key Language for Maps
| Change Type | Useful Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| New construction | was built, was constructed, was developed, was established |
| Demolition | was demolished, was knocked down, was replaced by, was removed |
| Expansion | was extended, was expanded, grew in size, was widened |
| Location | to the north of, adjacent to, in the south-west corner, opposite |
| General change | was converted into, was transformed from, underwent significant development |
Structure for Map Essays
- Introduction: Paraphrase the question — state what the maps show and the time period.
- Overview: Summarise the most significant changes (e.g., “Overall, the area underwent considerable development, with residential housing replacing farmland”).
- Body Paragraph 1: Describe one map or one area of change in detail.
- Body Paragraph 2: Describe the second map or remaining changes, making comparisons.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Using compass directions inconsistently — choose one system and stick to it
- Listing every single change without grouping related ones
- Forgetting to use the passive voice for describing changes
- Omitting an overview paragraph
Originally published on IELTS Achieve. Last reviewed 3 July 2026.