⚡ TL;DR
Step-by-step guide to answering this type of IELTS Writing Task 1 question. Covers structure, key language, and band-scoring criteria.
Originally published May 2017. Last reviewed 3 July 2026.
This post will help you to write a successful bar chart essay, there is a model answer for you to compare your work to at the end of the post.
Remember that your essay should have a minimum of 150 words and ideally should be completed in 20 minutes.
THE WRITING TASK 1 ESSAY STRUCTURE:
Writing task 1 Question
Read the question below carefully, what can you see in the information given?
STEP 1 – WRITE THE INTRODUCTION
Write your own introduction of one or two sentences, paraphrasing the question, using synonyms where you can.
STEP 2 – WRITE AN OVERVIEW
Write the overview – start this paragraph with the word ‘Overall...’ and write one or two sentences that describe the main features of the information presented in the bar chart.
STEP 3 – WRITE THE MAIN BODY PARAGRAPHS
Write two main body paragraphs, going into detail and giving specific information about the chart. Remember to include data to support your findings. For example, look for the highs and lows and any major increases or decreases over time.
STEP 4 – CHECK YOUR WORK
When you have completed the essay, check it for any errors, spelling or grammar. Then check to see if you have included linking words that connect the information together, making it easy to read. For example, using the word ‘Overall..’ at the beginning of the overview paragraph. You can also use words like – on the one hand, on the other hand, furthermore, however, in addition, finally etc.
MODEL ANSWER
To view the model answer for this question please click the button below >>
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How to Describe Process Diagrams
Process diagrams show the stages involved in making something, or how a natural or mechanical process works. Unlike other Task 1 questions, process diagrams require you to describe a sequence rather than compare data.
Essential Process Vocabulary
| Stage | Language |
|---|---|
| Beginning | The process begins with…, The first stage involves…, Initially… |
| Sequence | Following this…, Subsequently…, After that…, The next step is… |
| Simultaneous | At the same time…, Meanwhile…, Concurrently… |
| Result | This results in…, This produces…, As a result… |
| Final stage | Finally…, In the last stage…, The process concludes when… |
Structure Guide
- Introduction: Paraphrase what the diagram shows (e.g., “The diagram illustrates the process by which cement is manufactured”).
- Overview: State how many stages there are and whether the process is linear or cyclical.
- Body paragraphs: Describe the stages in order, grouping related steps logically.
Tips for Band 7+
- Use the passive voice throughout (e.g., “the materials are heated” not “someone heats the materials”)
- Include sequencing connectors to show the order clearly
- Count the stages and mention the total in your overview
- Do not speculate about reasons — only describe what the diagram shows
Originally published on IELTS Achieve. Last reviewed 3 July 2026.